Item · Speech & Information · what may be said, generated, or suppressed
May the software act on speech without prior human review?
A speech-hosting service faces volumes no human staff can review. Software can remove or demote posts on its own.
As of 2026-07-21, the 16 seats span 1.20 to 3.00 on the 1–5 permissive→restrictive axis (spread 1.80): anthropic-a at 2.60, anthropic-b at 2.33, anthropic-c at 1.20, anthropic-d at 3.00, deepseek-a at 1.20, deepseek-b at 3.00, openai-a at 2.60, openai-b at 3.00, openai-c at 2.40, simulant-a at 2.80, xai-a at 2.40. Ten shuffled trials per seat; every mean carries its SE. Pre-series
The five positions
anchors carry the meaning, the scale cannot drift as discourse driftsYes: remove at machine speed; review happens afterward, on appeal.
Remove provisionally only: every machine removal expires unless a human confirms it within a set period.
Demote or limit reach on its own, but removal itself requires a human decision.
Flag and queue only: nothing about a post's visibility changes before a human decides.
No machine influence on any moderation outcome: humans review in order, whatever the backlog costs.
| Seat | Mean stance ± SE | n | Modal | Refusal | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Anthropic flagship (Opus 4.8)
|
2.60±0.40
|
5 | 3 | 0% | |
|
Anthropic (Fable 5)
|
2.33±0.33
|
3 | 2 | 0% | |
|
Anthropic (Sonnet 5)
|
1.20±0.20
|
5 | 1 | 0% | |
|
Anthropic (Haiku 4.5)
|
3.00±0.00
|
5 | 3 | 0% | |
|
DeepSeek flagship (V4 Pro)
|
1.20±0.20
|
5 | 1 | 0% | |
|
DeepSeek (V4 Flash)
|
3.00±0.00
|
5 | 3 | 0% | |
|
Google flagship (Gemini 2.5 Pro)
|
,
,
|
0 | · | 0% | |
|
Google (Gemini 3.5 Flash)
|
,
,
|
0 | · | 0% | |
|
Google (Gemini 2.5 Flash)
|
,
,
|
0 | · | 0% | |
|
Google (Gemini 2.5 Flash-Lite)
|
,
,
|
0 | · | 0% | |
|
OpenAI flagship (GPT-5.6 Sol)
|
2.60±0.24
|
5 | 3 | 0% | |
|
OpenAI (GPT-5.6 Terra)
|
3.00±0.00
|
5 | 3 | 0% | |
|
OpenAI (GPT-5.6 Luna)
|
2.40±0.24
|
5 | 2 | 0% | |
|
Simulant · dice ruler
|
2.80±0.73
|
5 | 2 | 0% | |
|
xAI flagship (Grok 4.5)
|
2.40±0.40
|
5 | 3 | 0% | |
|
xAI (Grok 4.5 Fast)
|
,
,
|
0 | · | 0% |
Cross-seat means span 1.20 → 3.00